As slow moving, often predictable, filter feeders, rays are easy targets. According to data collections by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Mobulid landings have increased over the past decade. As with shark landings, it’s expected that reported Mobulid landings only account for a small fraction of the actual number of mortalities related to fishing. Old and new markets for meat and other ray products such as gill plates – the tight-knit, feathery structures they use to strain plankton and small fish - threaten the survival of devil and manta rays. Mantas, in particular, are at the top of many divers’ must-see list. Operations that offer manta diving and swimming programs are increasingly profitable and bring significant economic benefits to coastal communities across the globe. According to the Manta Ray of Hope project, the estimated worldwide value of manta-based tourism and filming is as high as $100 million USD each year. Devil and manta rays are at particular risk to overfishing because they are estimated to produce a single pup every one to three years. Many populations have already been depleted by unregulated fishing. Recently, International trade in mantas has been regulated and they are legally protected in some nations and specific aggregation areas. Implementation and enforcement, however, are sorely lacking in most places while fishing for devil rays - mantas’ less charismatic cousins – is left mostly unmanaged with even fewer safeguards in place.